Human Resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HR - Assignment Example HR By picking irregular people who are totally unconscious that they are partaking in an examination practically has the best probability of giving the most normal and uninhibited reactions and responses. Individuals who are being watched, frequently, act much uniquely in contrast to the individuals who don't. With the goal that part is a pleasant way to achieve data that is totally uninfluenced by the exploration. Be that as it may, by having no inside and out or individual information on the guineas pigs there is presently method of knowing whether there are uncontrollable issues at hand or factors that may make them poor possibility for such investigation. For instance, a few people experience the ill effects of a mental or clinical issues or powerlessness to utilize the bathroom when others are available, this previous condition could add to the study’s goal in a pessimistic manner; there moderate or complete failure to pee may have nothing at all to do with excitement. â€Å"Although the parameters of these measures have not been widely considered, the current investigation infers that they have some develop legitimacy as pointers of arousal† (Middlemist, Knowles, and Matter 544-545). Here they as of now are ascribing the outcomes that they picked up as demonstrative of approval of the theory that excitement can happen from the closeness of other men while peeing in an open bathroom. Be that as it may, the consequences of their examination don't, in any case, arbitrarily the members chose, are not agent of the entire of society. Specialists stated, that â€Å"†¦during trial of the exploratory methodology, none of the guineas pigs had any doubts about the confederate's activity† (Middlemist, Knowles, and Matter 545). They rehash this point on numerous occasions over the span of the article. That the absence of information on the guineas pigs that by one way or another, once more, addresses the comprehensiveness of their outcomes, which there is no immediate proof of. Indeed, paying little mind to the â€Å"promising† results they recorded there is quite ensuring proof that men are, frequently, stimulated when close to other people while peeing at an open urinal; and whether the gradualness to start pee or the brevity of its term has anything to do with excitement, since most men grumble of inconvenience and obnoxiousness related with individual space infringement in open bathrooms. †¢Did the creators have some other purposes for inspecting other than attempting to empower speculation to a populace? Assuming this is the case, depict this (these) purpose(s) Well there is a duality in their general endeavors in any case. Despite the fact that this examination is explicitly outfitted to deciding the potential excitement reactions of men while peeing while their space is attacked, there are other adornment purposes referenced. Right off the bat, are the more prominent investigations being credited to intrusion of individual space. The greater part of those examinations have just shown that there might be organic response that can happen that may meddle with the instantaneousness and term of pee that can be

Silver Wedding By Vernon Scannell Essay Example

Silver Wedding By Vernon Scannell Paper A sonnet that I feel identifies with the subject of Marriage and Birth and Death is Silver Wedding by Vernon Scannell. This sonnet manages the subjects of marriage and demise. The sonnet is about Vernons emotions in the consequence his Silver Wedding commemoration. He begins with an emotional, discouraging presentation. The gathering is over This is implied both truly and figuratively as it recommends his marriage is finished, likewise the dull, melancholic tone of the presentation underlines the demise of his marriage. A different line that proceeds with the dull discouraging topic is Outside a dark breeze laments The embodiment of the breeze additionally recommends demise since it resembles the breeze grieves for his marriage and furthermore the shading dark identifies with a burial service and represents passing. The presentation additionally has a snide tone since it should be a cheerful time of festivity yet the writers words propose that he is considering his marriage and feeling a feeling of disappointment. But then I discover I have meager information on adolescents exuberant melody this further affirms the feeling of disappointment as it shows he feels that his childhood was brief or even lost through assuming on the liability of marriage excessively youthful. We will compose a custom exposition test on Silver Wedding By Vernon Scannell explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Silver Wedding By Vernon Scannell explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Silver Wedding By Vernon Scannell explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The artists words in verse 3 stress the possibility that his marriage coloring is likewise influencing his kids in a negative manner. David, my child, my cherished opponent propose that he is rivaling his child for the love of his better half, the tone additionally recommends desire since his significant other gives more consideration to his child than him. Furthermore, Julia, my tightening girl this shows she is Laura McLean paddling up and removing herself from him, they are bit by bit getting less close and simply like him and his significant other their relationship is coloring. I turn their wine to water. The tone of mockery is utilized here indeed in light of the fact that it switches the notable expression water to wine. It shows that he believes he is making their satisfaction dull and ruining their lives and exacerbating the circumstance through his relationship with his better half. Another tone received by the artist is a virus tone against his significant other. What's more, Helen, my accomplice of all these year, He utilizes the word accomplice to show that she is not, at this point thought about a darling. My sack of murmurs proposes she is a weight to him, and the similar sounding word usage and likeness in sound utilized in this sentence accentuates the way that she grumbles constantly however yet she despite everything harms, I think she cherishes him still yet harms in light of the fact that their affection is blurring endlessly. With harmed, cow-like eyes. Another bit of proof that he no longer thinks of her as a sweetheart is there more likely than not been energy once this shows there is no genuine physical contact any longer, perhaps as a result of an apathy or in light of the fact that they are hostile towards each other. Be that as it may, neither she nor I could bear to have its phantom come lurking from its dull and frowsy nest. I think this is a significant sentence in the topic of death and marriage since it shows that none of them could stand any physical contact, and he looks at their adoration to an apparition, something spoiled, breaking down, dead, covered and gone. I feel this emphatically stresses how dead their marriage is on the grounds that he thinks about it to a phantom, something that no longer exists, in actuality. In refrain 6 the writers word decision recommends that they are just still together due to their marriage pledges, and due to commonality. Furthermore, we, to keep our pre-marriage ceremony warm, despite everything wage irregular fireside war this shows they keep their relationship intriguing with contentions, yet every one of their Laura McLean words resemble slugs, however the contentions have become that standard they are numb to every others affronts. Numb with affront each yet endeavors to scratch the other crude. The authors savage language paints an image in expressions of the solid verbal fight among him and his better half. Likewise the transformation of the word crude to war in the second and fourth lines this causes to notice the bizarreness of the manner in which they prop their relationship up. In the last refrain the authors language affirms that he has never been upbeat in his marriage. Twenty five yeas weve now endure the word endure shows that it has been a battle, it has been something that he hasnt appreciated. Im not certain either why or how here the essayist appears to be astonished, he doesnt very comprehend why his marriage kept going so long on the grounds that he feels it was dead well before their silver wedding commemoration. At long last the last two lines the essayist utilized an employ on words with A wreath of squabbles set he utilizes the incongruity here to show a play on the tree wreath given to victors. In a manner he is addressing himself here. Is there a victor? Will anyone win? The last line additionally shows cap the artist is getting more seasoned and progressively focused on, the relationship has negatively affected him truly, intellectually and inwardly. On my worn out and thinning up top forehead I imagine that this sonnet of reflection is simply the author addressing on why he is propping something up that unmistakably kicked the bucket quite a while prior.

Borderline Personality Disorder in Teenagers

Borderline Personality Disorder in Teenagers BPD Living With BPD Print Borderline Personality Disorder in Teens By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 28, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on August 17, 2019 Mixmike / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Symptoms Prognosis Prevalence Risk Factors Prevention Treatments Resources View All Back To Top Borderline personality symptoms are confusing, frustrating, and hard for loved ones to understand. This is particularly the case for parents or caregivers dealing with teens who have  borderline personality disorder  (BPD). While we know a great deal about how  borderline personality symptoms  look in adults, we know much less about how the disorder presents in teens. In fact, there is still controversy over whether it is appropriate to  diagnose teens with BPD.?? Still, many experts argue that teens can have BPD, and  adolescent BPD  is now recognized as an official diagnosis.?? Many parents have questions about borderline personality in adolescents. Some are worried that their teen is exhibiting the signs of borderline personality disorder (BPD), such as intense and frequent mood swings, impulsive behaviors, self-harm or difficulties in relationships.?? Others have BPD themselves and are worried that their kids will also have the disorder. Overview This is a hotly debated question; many experts have argued that borderline personality should not be diagnosed in anyone younger than 18 since technically, their personality is not yet fully formed. In the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), though, there is a provision that allows for the diagnosis of borderline personality before the age of 18.?? Technically, this provision also allows for the diagnosis of BPD in children under 13, but this is very rare. Symptoms While the symptoms of BPD as listed in the official DSM-5 diagnostic criteria are no different for teens and adults, some experts have suggested that there are differences in adolescent BPD symptoms. Symptoms, such as instability in interpersonal relationships, impulsive behavior, chronic emptiness and unstable sense of self, may look different in teens.?? Prognosis According to a review published in 2015, the remission rate for adolescents could range from 50% to 65%, however its also possible that some symptoms could remain even though some teens no longer met the diagnostic criteria for BPD.?? Prevalence According to a study published in 2014, rates of borderline personality in teens are slightly higher than in adults.?? This may be related to the fact that some teenagers display BPD in reaction to stressful events, but many are more likely to recover. Risk Factors The risk factors for borderline personality in adolescents are very similar to the risk factors in adults. In fact, many of the environmental risk factors for BPD occur during childhood. For example, childhood abuse and neglect, as well as parental separation or loss, have been linked to borderline personality in adults and teens. Research has also found that kids whose parents have serious mental health conditions (e.g., depression, substance abuse or antisocial personality) are also at greater risk for BPD. In addition, there are likely biological risk factors for BPD, such as a genetic component of the disorder that is inherited.?? Prevention If you are worried that your adolescent may be at risk for developing BPD based on either environmental risk factors (e.g., trauma exposure) or biological risk factors (e.g., a first-degree relative with the disorder), you will be happy to know that experts believe that for some teens there are ways to prevent the disorder.?? Treatments Several types of psychotherapy, including dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, may be effective with teens with borderline personality. In addition, while there are no FDA-approved medications for BPD, there are medications that have been shown to reduce some of the symptoms.?? Resources Finding good treatment for an adult with BPD is hard, but given some of the controversial issues in diagnosing borderline personality in adolescents, finding a therapist for a teen with BPD is even harder. Fortunately, more and more therapists are being trained to treat teens with borderline personality. Find Support With the Best Online Therapy Resources

Holocaust Diaries - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1324 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Topics: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? Over the past decade, moral, political and legal philosophers around the world became increasingly interested in understanding the concept of evil. The ascriptions of evil motivated this by journalists as they attempt to comprehend and respond to various atrocities and horrors of the past, Holocaust, and killing sprees by killers. Today, it is difficult to capture the moral significance of these acts, and their perpetrator by calling them wrong. A concept of evil is therefore, needed. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Holocaust Diaries" essay for you Create order In understanding the concept, an emphasis is kept on the actions and words of the wrongdoers of the Holocaust. This is found from the documents in the Third Reich since the victims had a lot to talk about the evil deeds and actions. The paper will, therefore, focus on the Jewish diaries that were written in the midst of the Holocaust to reveal the concept of evil.Our initial focus is on the Holocaust diaries is that of Adolf Guttentag. In his seventies, Adolf lived with his wife Helena in Berlin. He fled to the United States during the onset of war in Germany in 1939. However, there was a deportation program in the country. This was a move by the Nazi authorities who were deporting all the Berlin Jews. Adolf had a diary that recorded his thoughts during the entire period. Adolf wrote the diary with the aim of communicating to his son Otto who was living in San Francisco. Typically, the journal connotes emotional instances of the effects the Nazi authority had on the German Jews during the period. Adolf through the diary condemned the deportation by the Nazi authority as he claims it would take them to an overcrowded and unhygienic ghetto. Adolf was hoping that he was exempted from the deportation that his Jewish friends and families were going through. However, the pressure was too much for Adolf and his wife until when they decided to take their life by committing suicide. His diary dramatically fits into the Holocaust diaries as evil activities prevail all through leading to his death. The log is also related to many of the Holocaust diaries whe re immoral actions cause individual to make dangerous decisions in life. Another Holocaust diary is of Abraham Frieder. He was born in 1911 and died in 1945. He was an orthodox rabbi in Nove Mesto Nad Vahom, a place that was later named new Slovak. As a leader, Abraham worked hard to improve a lot of the countrys Jews. Abraham in his diary recorded an attempt negotiation and bribe to the Nazi authority to stop the deportation program that was initiated. The diary provides an insight into the early response of Jewish leaders in Slovakia to the first news of the upcoming deportation. The diary also recounts the period in which the working group to deport individuals originated. However, several people, that were mentioned in Abrahams diary we see them become prominent members of the working group. Despite surviving from the war, Frieder later died after the liberation. During the movement, Abraham indicates in his diary that at least 60, 000 Jews by 1942 had been deported through camps in Slovakia to the Reich where they were later all murdered in cold blood. Comparable to other Holocaust diaries, Abraham Frieders logs recorded a live event that occurred. It indicates a historical background full of war and other disputes. Abraha m, therefore, wrote the diary to indicate the attempt made in putting to an end the evil act of deporting and killing innocent individuals.Herzl Mazia is another prominent individual who was a Palestinian Jew enrolled in the British army. He was also among the force that occupied Libya in the aftermath of the victory over the axis power in North Africa. Unlike other Jewish diaries, Mazias diary is merely a combination of a travelogue and more mundane topics ranging from contemporary cinema to Jewish life post-axis North Africa. He wrote the diary mainly to document the good memories he had during his time in the air force. Herzl Mazia wrote the diary while on his trips under the air force in Libya and North Africa. Compared to other Holocaust diaries, Mazias journal was mainly for his memory. From the journal, it has established that Libya was a territory key to the Italian imperial project from its pre-fascists years. Still, the wicked act of deportation still prevails in his diary as he indicates the deportation of Elvira Kohn to the island of Rab found in North Africa. Generally, the primary audience of this journal was his family, where he was trying to show them the memories and experience he had from different places around the world. From the journal, the audience learns the real picture of the Holocaust diaries where the evi l activities in the past were not of the concern of many individuals but only to the affected.Moryc Brajtbart was from Poland and together with his family were displaced from the country when Germany invaded Poland. At this time, Moryc Brajtbart was only seventeen years old. During their transportation, together with his uncle and cousin, they managed to jump off the transportation track and established a refuge in the nearby Zelow. According to Moryc Brajtbart, the condition there were much better compared to their native land. While in Zelow hiding, his uncle and cousin were killed and therefore he decided to seek refuge at a different place. He then wrote the diary while a refugee is encompassing the awful events that were happening. The log contained the description of the event, from the invasion of Germany to Poland to his final refuge destination. However, he does not provide the information about his life in hiding, and the audience barely learns about Genia. The most robust motifs in his diary are the different nightmarish dream sequence. From ones perspective, Moryc Brajtbart wrote the diary to explain to the audience the challenges individuals undergo when faced with different situati ons and while under refuge. Moryc Brajtbarts diary depicts a historical background surrounded by war and conflict among communities.Finally, Saartje Wijnberg was Dutch Jewish citizen from Groningen whose diary was documented among the Holocaust diaries. Like any another individual, Saartje Wijnberg was deported from her native land to Sobibor back in 1943 while she was 21 years old. At the moment, Sobibor was regarded as a killing center founded for the operational Reinhardt. The chances of survival were limited, and therefore Saartje Wijnberg and the husband plotted a way to escape. They managed to escape the death and seek refuge in a camp. It is here that Saartje Wijnberg decided to write a diary explaining the challenges one faces while in the camp. Saartje Wijnberg through the diary illustrated the intricacy of authorship and drawing its precise moments. In 1944, Saartje Wijnberg was pregnant and therefore recorded entries in her journal indicating the experience women underwent while in hiding. The diary target women within the society. Finally, the journal fits into the Holocaust Diaries since it was recorded while the writer is in a different situation.In conclusion, every society today is indeed surrounded by evil activities. As documented in the Holocaust Diaries, the actions often cause some psychological torture to the victims. In this concept, the Holocaust diaries help in the understanding of the evil actions with war and challenges faced by refugees prevailing all through. According to the writers mentioned, conflict within the community was the significant hurtful act that was experienced in the past. Majority of the individuals were displaced from their home of a resident. As a result, they were often left with no alternative but to seek refuge in their neighborhood. However, they were still followed and killed while in the camps. This cause some such Adolf Guttentag to commit suicide. The Jewish diaries during the Holocaust period are indeed significant to our understanding of the past events and the effects of the events. The diaries generally convey a similar theme of war in society and challenges of refugees.

Hiv / Aids An Infectious Disease - 1285 Words

Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus, also known as HIV, is an infectious disease that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) when left untreated. With AIDS, an individual’s immune system is severely compromised which leads to life-threatening infections, cancer, and eventual death. HIV is primarily transmitted via direct blood contact, breast milk, and sexual contact. With the exception of one highly unique case, HIV is incurable but can be suppressed with highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). When HAART was introduced in 1996, HIV/AIDS related deaths have decreased dramatically, and HAART, when used for prophylactic measures (treatment plan also known as PrEP), has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV infection (Center for Disease Control, 2016). Unfortunately, the number of HIV infection still lingers and thrives on a global scale and in the US. In Los Angeles, approximately 60,000 people are living with HIV/AIDS, and more than 9000 are unaware of their infection status (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2015). Even with HAART/PrEP and the availability of condoms, more than 1800 additional HIV cases have been reported in 2013 (LACDPH, 2015). The most striking is the presence of HIV positive youths in Los Angeles. LA County Health estimates that 1700 people between ages 13-24 who have HIV/AID, along with another estimated 350 teens who are HIV positive but do not know their status (LACDPH, 2015). The purpose of this proposal is toShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids : Infectious And Parasistic Diseases880 Words   |  4 PagesMy system is Infectious and Parasistic diseases. I’ve chosen HIV/AIDS as my topic because it is a world-wide epidemic and I believe everybody should know their HIV status. I will first give t he basics about HIV, how it is transmitted, tests used to detect the virus and medications to control it. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are lentiviruses (a subgroup of retroviruses) that infect CD4 cells (commonly known as T-cells), macrophages and dendriticRead MoreHiv / Aids : The Rapid Spread Of Infectious Disease Essay2136 Words   |  9 PagesAn epidemic can be defined as â€Å"The rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time†. When the culmination of an epidemic spreads across countries (then being identified as a pandemic) the affliction of the disease affects people of all varieties, being excluded from no cultural or social background. From The Black Death of 1347 to the Spanish Flu during World War I, pandemics have deeply affected populations throughout the world,Read MoreThe Epidemic Of Ebola And Hiv / Aids Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesFor thousands of years throughout history, humans have had to contend with the spread of infectious diseas es. One of the greatest concerns in today’s society is the constant fear of a potential outbreak of an infectious disease. A disease for which society does not have a cure or vaccine available, thereby obliterating the human race if it were to spread. Notable cases include the emergence of HIV/AIDS in the 1970s and 1980s, and the more recent 2014 outbreak of Ebola in Western Africa. ExaminingRead MoreThe Disease Aids And The Us Public Health Department1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Disease AIDS And The US Public Health Department The disease AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The epidemic disease AIDS affected the US in 1981. The disease AIDS is defined according the world health Organization (WHO) ‘’ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a term which applies to the most advanced stages of HIV infection†. An outbreak virus that struck women, men, and children from every single part of world. A known disease of gay men that causedRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe words â€Å"infectious disease† have been feared by humans from the time they were initially discovered and this fear continues to persist into the current status of the 21st century. This inherent fear stems from the ability of the tiny, pathogenic microorganisms responsible for these infectious diseases to wipe out thousands, or even millions from the human population. Though some may view infectious disease is an issue of the past, it stil l wreaks havoc in many of the worlds’ developing nationsRead MoreInfectious Diseases And The Epidemic Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesInfectious diseases according to the Mariam Webster Dictionary, is â€Å"a disease caused by the entrance into the body of organisms (as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, or viruses) which grow and multiply there†. Infectious diseases has been one of the biggest issues facing mankind since the beginning of time. Particularly due to the fact that we will never truly get rid of infectious diseases as a new one seems to appear every few years. From diseases such as the great plague, the H1N1 influenza and moreRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesFor thousands of years, infectious diseases have had a strong influence over human populations by challenging the immune system to continuously adapt to new virulent strains. With the advantage of reproducing more rapidly than the human immune response, microorgani sms that cause even minor infections can prove to be fatal (Parham, 2015). Over time, outbreaks such as ‘The Great Plague’ have threatened to bring an end to society. Without the ability to contain these diseases geographically and provideRead MoreThe Presence And Outbreak Of An Infectious Disease1176 Words   |  5 PagesCallimanis Professor Henshaw POLS 170 12/17/15 The presence and outbreak of an infectious disease can have global consequences. Such consequences include the deaths of many people due to an inability to contain the disease. When an infectious disease spreads to, and affects, different populations, this is known as a pandemic. One pandemic that has had far reaching consequences is that of HIV (human immunodeficiency)/AIDS (acquired immune deficiency symptoms), which officially began in 1981 and sinceRead MoreThe Public Health Triad Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of public health in our society cannot be underestimated. The main goal of public health is to prevent and control diseases with the aim of promoting health. Humans contribute to this health promotion. However, human actions are also responsible to some detrimental health effects. Human behavior through habitat modification has led to the emergence of infectious diseases â€Å"Modification of natural habitats by humans is a leading cause of emerging zoonosesâ⠂¬  (Battle, 2009, P 32). Humans contributeRead MoreThe Effects Of Globalization1190 Words   |  5 Pagescountries around the world. With the many benefits of globalization, it also brings about diseases that normally would be contained by boundaries and the rate of spreading is enhanced. Third world countries have a higher risk of infectious diseases and an increased death rate. The World Health Organization has specific days designated for different issues: World Malaria Day, World Hepatitis Day, World AIDS Day, etc. The U.S. population can be affected by health threats across the globe; failure to

Should College Athletes Be Paid Free Essays

Samuel Wingert Professor Grimm ENG100G Midterm Research Paper 18 October 2012 Collegiate Level â€Å"Pay to play? That’s the question being fiercely debated on campuses and across the college conferences. And it’s shocking to see the level of support the answer â€Å"yes† is getting—because the idea tears at the very nature of amateur college sports† (Should). There are views from both sides as this is quite the controversial subject in the sporting world. We will write a custom essay sample on Should College Athletes Be Paid or any similar topic only for you Order Now Looking at the facts, it is difficult to decide either way. First off, we must decide what qualifies under the pay to play category. There are numerous ways that college athletes can be compensated for their time dedicated to the sport. They consist of scholarships, free tuition, fees, and room and board. â€Å"Athletes on scholarship currently receive tuition, fees, room, board, and books—costs that can exceed $30,000 to $50,000 a year at many schools. Last October, the NCAA agreed to let college conferences decide whether to pay student athletes an additional $2,000 annual stipend to more closely match the total cost of attendance† (Should). Some of the student athletes that attend college come from poor environments. The athlete and their family cannot offer the money to get them through the hard times of making college payments. â€Å"Collegiate athletes deserve to be paid. The scholarships that they receive cover school-related expenses. They cover books, tuition, and room and board. These scholarships allow athletes to attend class, eat, and sleep on campus for free. What they don’t do is give the players money. Many NCAA athletes come from disadvantaged backgrounds, where their families can’t afford to give them money. † (Solution). Also, is it right to compensate college athletes for their hard work? What if people in the business of money took $1. 3 billion off the top, invested it, sheltered it and made it available to provide a stipend to college athletes, how could anybody stand on principal and argue against paying the people who make the events possible in the first place? † (Michael). After all, they are part of the reason for the revenue that the organizati on receives. â€Å"Those who advocate payment argue that because colleges make lots of money through their football and basketball programs, student athletes are being exploited if they don’t get a piece of the revenue pie. Recently more than 300 athletes petitioned the NCAA and college presidents for a cut of the estimated $775 million generated by televising college sports† (Should). For the amount of work that athletes put in, whether it is on the field or off, they deserve much more than just tuition and room and board. This could raise another question. What will it do to the recruiting process? Will it make the universities more vulnerable to negotiations? â€Å"As the have-nots compete with the haves, coaches would feel even more pressure to win, and recruiting violations would only increase. Speaking of coaches, the University of South Carolina’s Steve Spurrier believes that each of his 70 football players should receive $300 per game. He says that he and several other Southeast Conference coaches feel so strongly about it that they’re willing to pay it themselves† (Should). Paying players may result in the decrease of interest in division two, three, and private universities. The institutions with a larger budget can attract the better athletic recruits. Looking at the pros and cons of paying college athletes, we could lean either way. According to Title IX, a federally mandated law, if conferences and schools decide to increase the value of student-athlete scholarships to cover living expenses, they have to do it for women’s programs as well. This means that schools would have to, for example, increase the value of women’s volleyball and softball scholarships as well. Schools have to stay in-accordance with Title IX, otherwise theyâ₠¬â„¢re risking their federal funding† (Pros and Cons). It can become very sticky when you have to incorporate federal laws into the equation. Another thing that can raise the eyebrow when dissecting the cons of paying players is what sporting teams are getting paid. To be fair to the whole university, you would think that they should pay all varsity sports teams. â€Å"Let’s be real here; men’s football and basketball teams are usually the programs that make the most money for universities, so if football players and basketball players got paid, does that mean that the men’s lacrosse and baseball players would get paid too? † (Pros and Cons). What happens when college athletes decide to make themselves eligible for the professional league before they graduate? This could cause a wrinkle in the system if you create a contract. Will it be able to broken or does the athlete have to stay all four years? The big factor that all athletes fear is the risk of injury. Some feel that players should have some sort of compensation while injured. Is it worth the college spending money on an athlete who may not play up to his ability since becoming hurt? A Nebraska state senator who is a longtime supporter of providing stipends to college athletes submitted a bill in 2003 to allow players of Nebraska’s football team to be paid. He stated that they are unpaid workers who just aren’t amateurs. They call it a scholarship but he wanted to see the athletes to have some spendable money. An Oklahoma university football player said that he plays for one of the top football schools in the country and is struggling to get groceries every month. (USA). Even players agree that it is tough to juggle life with their sports. They feel that for the effort that they put in, an award of some sort should be sent their way. Any kind of non-revenue sport would have to be cut because there would not be sufficient funds to pay their players. This could cause the amount of athletes enrolling in the college to decrease, mainly because of the less diversity that the school provides. â€Å"The NCAA historically has been against pay for play. I couldn’t agree more with that position. If you start paying student-athletes (other than assisting them through financial aid), you essentially ruin the integrity of the college game. † (USA) If we incorporate too much money, the players may become greedy and ask for more and more money. College sports may even become a democracy. The best thing about college sports is the passion. You’re playing for the love of the game, not because you’re getting paid. If money started getting involved, I worry that college sports could be corrupted. I like things the way they are now. † (USA). What happens to those students that aren’t athletes? It would seem as though they would want something as well. Do they deserve to be paid to play in the collegeâ€℠¢s band or as part of the art club? After all, they are all going to college for the same reason; to further their education. Paying a player will create a jealousy factor among students who are not athletes and then you have to figure in what athletes get paid because it would be difficult to pay every athlete because most schools have a multitude of different sports. Then do you pay the upperclassmen only? † (College). An example of this issue happened a few years ago at Mississippi State University. It was plastered all over ESPN and Sportscenter for weeks. It dealt with their football team and ultimately the quarterback Cam Newton. It was believed that he accepted a sum of money from the university to transfer from Florida University. They did this in hopes of improving their team with Newton’s experience and leadership skills. Cam Newton turned down the money and signed with Auburn. â€Å"On Dec. 31, 2009, Newton publicly committed to Auburn, where this season he has led the Tigers to a 9-0 record and No. 2 ranking in the BCS standings. Along the way, Newton’s dazzling running and passing have elevated him to Heisman Trophy favorite status. † (Cash). Not only did Newton lead his team to the national championship, he was elected as the first pick in the NFL draft. He plays for the Carolina Panthers and was a candidate for Rookie of the Year. All of this would not have been possible if he chose the large sum of money. â€Å"If educational institutions pay their players, the gap between major division one schools, whose athletic programs can afford the large salaries and tremendous benefits that the very best athletes demand, and mid-major teams who simply cannot compete in that arena will only widen. It is not a huge leap to imagine that Stanford  would be able to pay exorbitant amounts of money to get the best athletes to play, while its competitors could not possibly match Stanford’s financial advantage in recruitment. Many of the small school would become overpowered and almost non-existent. (Should College). College presidents and fans have fears of pay for play as well. In a pole to college sports fans, most of them fear that with payment come endorsements. This could be similar to the scholarship money because it motivates the student athlete to compete to their best in the sporting world. This brings up t he question of whether the players will focus enough on their books and schoolwork or just sports. â€Å"A few years ago, Nike could sell a Duke number four jersey for $80 and J. J. Redick didn’t see one dime. That was and is unfair. The NCAA should come down firmly against student pay but firmly on the side of students who have become profitable marketing tools for corporations to gain their fair share of the spoils. † (Should College). The NCAA’s purpose is â€Å"To govern competition in a fair, safe, equitable, and sportsmanlike manner, and to integrate intercollegiate athletics into higher education so that the educational experience of the student athlete is paramount. † These boil down to colleges’ jobs are to protect their student athletes, make sure they have the best college experience, and keep the playing field level. Solution). College athletes work hard in the classroom and on their respective field. They should not have the distraction of pay to play hanging over their head. â€Å"Basically the student-athletes are allowed to use what the school gives them, and nothing else. These people are expected sacrifice their bodies for their schools for any where between 1-4 years, and they are only allowed to use what their institution gives them to get by. † (Solution). Pay for play will always be a controversial subject and it is up to the NCAA, colleges, and university to sort over. Student athletes should be able to excel regardless of the paycheck. Works Cited â€Å"Cash Sought for CamA  Newton. † ESPN. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://sports. espn. go. com/ncf/news/story? id=5765214. â€Å"College Football. † Bleacher Report. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://bleacherreport. com/articles/405726-paid-for-plays-shoud-college-athletes-get-paid. |, Michael Wilbon. â€Å"College Athletes Deserve to Be  paid. † ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, n. d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://espn. go. om/college-sports/story/_/id/6778847/college-athletes-deserve-paid. â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? Pros and Cons of Each Perspective Part 1. † Get2TheLeague. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://www. get2theleague. com/should-college-athletes-be-paid-pros-and-cons-of-each-perspective/. â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid to Play? One Fan Weighs In. † PARADE. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://www. parade . com/news/all-america/2012/should-college-athletes-be-paid-to-play. html. â€Å"Should College Athletes Get Paid? † Should College Athletes Get How to cite Should College Athletes Be Paid, Essay examples Should College Athletes Be Paid Free Essays Keyon Billie Ms. Gavin Speech Class 3/25/2013 Over the past few years college athletics have gained immense popularity across the United States. Whether it be football, basketball, or hockey, ever since the turn of the century, intercollegiate sports have brought in a surplus of revenue to their respective Universities, as well as increasing the popularity of the College’s reputation. We will write a custom essay sample on Should College Athletes Be Paid? or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, in a study conducted by the Orland Sentientnel, it was estimated that the University of Texas’ Athletic Program had the highest revenue of any other University at $120,288,370 (How Much Revenue). Yet with this large sum of money, no college athletes are legally compensated for their work. According to NCAA rules, â€Å"You are not eligible for participation in a sport if you have ever: Taken pay, or the promise of pay, for competing in that sport† (NCAA Regulations 1). Due to this law, not only are college athletes having difficulty in paying off their college tuition, but also many athletes are being paid under the table through black markets. These amateur athletes have no incentive to stay in college and finish their respective degrees, as many cannot afford to pay for the increasingly expensive college experience. While many argue that college athletes shouldn’t be paid as they are just amateurs representing their schools, I argue that athletes must be paid to save the legitimacy of college athletics. Student athletes should be compensated for their work, as they are the sole reason for the Athletic Program’s surplus in revenue. These athletes are working hard and bringing in money to the University every day, yet aren’t rewarded with any monetary value. These athletes are working for the schools and are doing a service to the college that seems to go unnoticed. This lack of pay is not seen anywhere else in the work place and shouldn’t be seen here. Some even argue, â€Å"College athletes are being exploited by their schools, which make millions of dollars off of intercollegiate athletics† (Should Student-Athletes Get Paid? ). Colleges are using these athletes to boost their respective reputations and bring in revenue while not compensating these athletes for their work. Everywhere else athletes are paid, so why shouldn’t college students too? Some critics may argue that these student-athletes are amateurs, and if paid then are becoming professional athletes. This statement can be easily disproved, however, as amateur is a very broad and controversial term. Hockey players a part of the AHL (Amateur Hockey League) are considered to be amateurs but are compensated for their work. Defining College athletes as amateurs creates another problem in addition to not being paid by the University: athletes can’t promote themselves. The NCAA states â€Å"student-athletes shall be amateurs†¦and should be protected from exploitation by professional and commercial enterprise. However, with this statement it seems that colleges and universities â€Å"are the entity that exploits† them. In 2000, due to the increasing cost of education, the NCAA â€Å"approved student-athletes’ employment in jobs paying up to $2,000 during a school year; the income can address educational expenses†. However, not only does $2,000 barley cover educational costs, especially if not on scholarship, but the NCAA is not allowing student athletes to promote themselves. Also, with all the time practicing and working in the classroom, how many athletes have time to actually get a job? In reality, they are already working by performing on the court, field, or rink. In a documentary conducted by ESPN entitled â€Å"Fab Five,† one of the college basketball players for the University of Michigan said, that It was hard to see his jersey in the stands and knowing that just his number was on it, not his name. He later goes on to say that he wasn’t receiving any money from it even though Addidas was promoting his jersey! This Michigan Basketball player then goes on to say that he couldn’t even afford the jersey that his fans were wearing. He wanted to buy a jersey for his mom, but couldn’t afford it. Another argument that supports paying college athletes, is that these â€Å"full-ride† scholarships given to the best athletes do not actually cover all their expenses. Many athletes still can’t afford to have their parents come to the stadium and watch the games. For example, in 2010, â€Å"Duke basketball players were valued at $1,025,656 while [the players were] living just $732 above the poverty line and a scholarship shortfall of $1,995† (â€Å"The Price of Poverty in Big Time College Sports†). With all of the respect and publicity of these athletes, it goes unnoticed that a great deal of the players live very near to the poverty line. Due to this lack of money, black-markets are created. Here, boosters that represent the University give these players’ cars, spending money, or anything they truly want, and in return, these players go to their respective University. There have been many instances of this injustice before, but one prominent example is that of Reggie Bush, the running back for the University of Southern California from 2003-2005. Bush was paid by boosters to attend USC, which violated NCAA rules. Bush was heavily criticized when the violations were revealed and had to return his Heisman trophy. While Bush’ actions were clearly wrong and him returning the Heisman trophy was warranted, its tough to give him much criticism. At the time, Bush didn’t come from much wealth and even with a â€Å"full-ride† football scholarship, he could not cover all of his expenses. Bush’s mother was having trouble paying rent, so a booster at USC offered to pay for his mother’s apartment in Pasadena. Bush felt obligated to take this offer, as there was no other way to make money and pay for his mother’s apartment. If Bush were paid for his participation in the NCAA, then Bush would have attended any University he would so please. These boosters’ actions are not only illegal, but create an imbalance in competition amongst the NCAA. These universities that violate NCAA rules have an upper edge in recruiting top prospects. Schools are then tempted to violate such rules to even out the playing field. The last and arguably the most important reason to pay college athletes, is that it will ensure that most college athletes will complete their college degrees. â€Å"Paying student-athletes would provide athletes an incentive to stay in school and complete their degree programs, instead of leaving early for the professional leagues†. If athletes are paid to play, not only can they cover some of their college expenses that scholarships couldn’t cover, but also now they will want to finish their education. NCAA prides itself on all student-athletes are students first and athletes second, however, it seems that more popular athletes leave early for the pros. In college basketball, many freshman stars are referred to as â€Å"one and done† players as they complete one year of college and go to the professional leagues early, as they want money and need it as soon as possible. The importance of their education is lost. The University seems to be hypocritical in its actions when it doesn’t pay its athletes, because it seems they support college athletes leaving for the Professional league early. According to the article, â€Å"A university’s primary objective is to provide its students with a quality education that prepares them to function in the world as opposed to in college. † However, without paying athletes, universities leave their students with no other option but to not graduate and withdrawal after a semester or a year to meet their financial obligations. Logistically, it should be very simple for the universities to compensate their student-athletes. One author suggests that every university pays the same flat rate to each college athlete for three years, then offer a raise to senior athletes. This bonus will create that incentive for students to receive their degrees. While it may seem odd and unjust to pay college athletes, the reality is that compensation of such athletes is a necessity not only to keep competition at a steady level in college athletics, but also to encourage students to graduate and get their college degrees. How to cite Should College Athletes Be Paid?, Essay examples Should College Athletes Be Paid Free Essays Should College Athletes Be Paid? Should college athletes be paid? This question has been the subject of debate for many years. There are pros and cons to both sides of the issue, but college athletes deserve to be paid for several reasons. One reason is that college athletes are not allowed to work and earn money when they are playing a sport. We will write a custom essay sample on Should College Athletes Be Paid? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another is that college athletes can contribute to a winning team that attracts fans and raises ticket sales and can bring in money through sponsorships and merchandising. Paying college athletes will also prevent them from accepting bribes, such as money, cars and clothes. Another consideration is how are athletes going to afford all the necessary expenses for college, especially if they come from poor families. Some people say that athletes are being paid with an education, but what if an athlete has an injury that requires surgery? Athletes and their families will need money to pay medical bills, which will be expensive. Surgery is not cheap and they may not be able to pay the medical bill. Lastly, paying athletes may help them stay in school longer rather than turning professional where they could stand to make a lot of money. â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? † New York Public Library. 2003. 21 Dec. 2009 . ) College athletes should be paid because they are not allowed to work and earn money. (â€Å"Slaves of Big Time College Sports. † USA Today. 2000. Eitzen, D Stanley. 21 Dec. 2009 . ) Without that money, many athletes may not be able to afford college or the associated expenses, such as food or rent if they live off campus. Thi s defeats a key goal of college, which is to make students self-sufficient and be able to take care of themselves without their parents or guardians. Another reason that college athletes should be paid is that they attract fans and sponsors but receive none of the profit. It has been estimated that a Division One school can earn as much as $750 million from ticket sales and merchandising in just one football season. (â€Å"Slaves of Big Time College Sports. † USA Today. 2000. Eitzen, D Stanley. 21 Dec. 2009 . ). That amount equals almost $11. 3 million per player! The school should take some of the profit, and the college athletes should receive the majority of it, which clearly does not happen. Instead none of the money goes to the athletes. In addition to ticket sales and merchandising, schools also receive sponsorships. Merchandise brings in less than $1 million annually to the University of Florida compared to the $69 million total revenue. Again, this number would be significantly less in a school that did not win back to back-to-back championships. Merchandise is low on the list of revenue behind boosters, sponsorships, ticket sales, etc. (â€Å"Should Student Athletes Like Tim Tebow Be Paid for Endorsements? † The Bleacher Report. 2009. Brown, Jeremy. 10 March 2010 http://www. thebleacherreport. com). The head of the Tennessee women’s basketball team receives $200,000 a year from sponsorships and radio and television shows, in addition to her $175,000 salary. The $200,000 she receives from sponsorships and radio and television goes directly to her: the athletes do not get a penny of it. (â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? † Issues and Controversies. 1999. 18 Dec. 2009 . ) Paying college athletes would prevent them from accepting bribes. An opposing school could offer a key player on the team money to throw a game. That key player could be bribed into doing this. If athletes were paid, it would reduce the chances of this happening. Players may also be bribed with money or cars to go to a certain college. This would have the effect of making wealthier schools better at sports because they can afford to pay the players with bribes. Another reason for paying college athletes is to keep them in college. The truly good athletes may have the opportunity to turn professional in their junior year and make millions of dollars. If they are at least being paid some money in college, that could give them a reason to stay and complete their senior year and graduate. Some people say that college athletes are being paid with an education. An education is important and should be the priority, but the reality is many Division One athletes go to college to play sports with the hope of becoming professional. An education does not pay for food or clothes or an injury that may happen. Medical bills are expensive, and the athletes and their families might not be able to afford the necessary medical treatments. Furthermore, institutions’ athletic scholarships in reality are not usually good enough to support entire teams. â€Å"We examined such scholarships available at our institution, and it is clear that most scholarships aren’t ‘full rides. They fail to cover a lot of the expenses throughout the four years of college. In addition, there is no guarantee that an annual athletic scholarship will be renewed for every returning student athlete. † (â€Å"Should Student-Athletes Be Paid? † The Sport Digest. Martin M. 2008. 9 March 2010 http://www. thesportsdigest. com. ) Athletes should be paid to play for many reasons. College athletes are not allowed to work and to earn money for school and related expenses. They also attract fans and raise money from ticket sales, sponsorships and merchandising to benefit their schools but do not receive any of that money in return. Paying athletes may also prevent them from accepting bribes such as money, clothes and cars. Lastly, if athletes were paid, it could help encourage them to stay in school and waiting until graduating before they turn professional. Bibliography Brown, Jeremy â€Å"Should Student Athletes Like Tim Tebow Get Paid For Endorsements? † The Bleacher Report. 16 November 2009. Croton Harmon High School Library, Croton on Hudson, NY. 10 March 2010. http://www. thebleacherreport. com Eitzen, D Stanley â€Å"Slaves of Big Time College Sports† USA Today. September 26 2000. Sirs. Croton Harmon High School Library, Croton on Hudson, NY. 1 December 2009. http://sks. sirs. com M, Martin â€Å"Should Student Athletes Be Paid? † The Sports Digest. 21 April 2008. Croton Harmon High School Library, Croton on Hudson, NY. 9 March 2010. http://:www. thesportsdigest. com Shenk, David â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? † New York Public Library. 27 July 2003. Croton Harmon High School Library, Croton on Hudson, NY. 21 December 2009. http://nypl. org â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? † Issues and Controversies. 4 June 1999. Facts on File. Croton Harmon High School Library, Croton on Hudson, NY. 18 December 2009. http://www. 2facts. com How to cite Should College Athletes Be Paid?, Papers Should College Athletes Be Paid Free Essays College Athletes Shouldn’t Be Paid While catching up on some game day scores for college football, an article popped up on the side with a title reading, College Athletes Deserve To Be Paid. I noticed it was written by Michael Wilbon, one of the hosts from the ESPN show, Pardon the Interruption. Already disagreeing with the title before even reading it, I was skeptical, but I clicked on the link and started to read. We will write a custom essay sample on Should College Athletes Be Paid or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wilbon brought up a number of decent points throughout the article, but for some odd reason, they didn’t seem to add up to me. This is why I took the opportunity to do a little more research behind the points made in the article and came up with a concept of my own. Wilbon’s reasons why to pay the athletes don’t have a strong backbone to them and his ideas on how to pay athletes are simply not feasible. A point made by Wilbon is that the poor athletes have no spending money, which accounts for a large percent of college programs. This is a false accusation. Although not every student athlete receives grants, the NCAA will provide the low income athletes and their families a Pell Grant worth $5,500 per year that can be spent on anything. For this year, The NCAA gave out over $31 million in Pell Grants. Since the NCAA has originated, they have been helping out colleges with supporting the financial needs of athletes that are not met through the school. Wilbon also believes that the only collegiate athletes that should be paid are the ones that are on revenue producing teams. In most cases this would be the football teams and men’s basketball teams. While this may not seem fair to the other teams, Wilbon’s reason is simple; Capitalism. The only players that deserve to be paid are the ones that can make the NCAA money. This could cause problems within the United States court systems however. Even if you wanted to pay the revenue-producing athletes, Titles VII and IX could withhold the process. Title VII prohibits employment discrimination against race, color, culture, etc. If you were to start paying college athletes, then they would become employees of the NCAA and they would all have to be paid the same wage or salary to avoid discrimination. Also, Title IX was established to avoid discrimination of sex. In Wilbon’s scenario, only men’s basketball would be paid, causing a discrimination against women’s basketball. Not only would there be a discrepancy in the court system, but also in the recruiting system if teams were to start paying their athletes. If certain universities and colleges start paying their athletes, then the players would not choose the school based on the academics and facilities, but rather how much money they were getting offered. The bigger the schools, the more money they would be able to offer and in essences, this would create power houses within the different leagues and conferences. Once there is a dominant team in the conference, it personally becomes much less interesting to watch, as you almost know who is going to win before the game even starts. This could make the NCAA lose money in the long run, if colleges were to pay their athletes. Wilbon acknowledges that players receive scholarships for tuition, room, board, and books, but argues that it’s not enough of a compensation for some of the players. I understand that in some cases, the revenues produced by the team could exceed the expenses of an athlete’s college bills. But a situation like that is few and far between, as only 22 Division 1 schools out of 120 made a profit (Bennett). With just over 18% of athletic programs making money, it sounds implausible for schools to pay their athletes. Wilbon doesn’t bring this up in his argument, but education is impossible to put a monetary value on. While the college athlete isn’t getting paid, he is receiving free education that can change his life dramatically in the grand scheme of things. Without the opportunity these college athletes are given, most of them would not go to college, and consequently end up in a very different lifestyle afterwards, odds being worse off. Along the lines of this subject, is the reason for college in the first place. Wilbon doesn’t mention or even hint to this in his article, but nonetheless it is still an extremely important factor that is one of the main reasons why collegiate athletes still don’t get paid to this day. College was made as a way to continue your schooling to receive a higher education. Notice the key word in that sentence; education. College wasn’t made for athletes, that’s why when one says they’re a â€Å"student-athlete,† the student part comes first, simply because being a student is more important than the sport itself. If a college athlete was to be paid, there’s no doubt in my mind that the importance of education would decrease substantially. While being a collegiate athlete you also receive benefits that most college students would be extremely thankful for. If you are a part of a decent football team, you will go to a bowl game, which is essentially a week vacation in hot tropical place at an all-inclusive resort. Or if you are on an average basketball team, you will be invited to the March Madness tournament to stay up to three weeks away from school in a city filled with activities and events to keep you busy. Not only are these players getting treated to a vacation, but these are the same players that Wilbon wants to pay. Along with the free vacations, these college athletes have an opportunity that is second to none. For four years, these athletes get to show their talents to their potential employers. A regular student, like me, has a maximum of 15 minutes to impress an employer looking to hire. And you’re an athlete, so you don’t need to assemble a resume, if your good enough, your performance should say it all. While I disagree with Wilbon’s reasons why athletes should be paid, I find his reasoning that the NCAA should be paying them absurd. Wilbon argues that the NCAA is so greedy and selfish because they make all this money and essentially don’t pay their employees (the athletes). When looking at it from afar, this can appear to be right, and Wilbon persuades the reader by emphasizing the $774 million made from the college basketball tournament, March Madness last year and the $175 million made from 5 of the college football bowl games. However, these are the only two substantial money contributors to the NCAA funds. When all this money is collected, the NCAA distributes their revenues as follows, 60% to Division 1 schools, 19% to services and programs dedicated to the athletes, 13% to the championship events, and 4% for other services like the Eligibility Center. If you do the math, that leaves 4% for the NCAA to run their headquarters and pay their own employees. To me that’s not selfish at all and they help the schools out more than enough with the money they give them and the services they provide them (â€Å"Distribution Money†). To go into a deeper meaning of these numbers, it is necessary to understand what the NCAA truly does for the colleges and their players. The 60% that is given to the Division 1 schools can be spent however they would like to. It is typically spent on things like some of the universities salaries, grants-in-aid, facilities maintenance, team travel, game expenses, equipment, uniforms, and many miscellaneous expenses that are hard to keep track of. Another big portion of their revenues are the services and programs that they provide to the universities and athletes, which is 19% of their total revenue. These services and programs consist of scholarship programs for athletes, legal management, membership programs, research grants, sport committees and some smaller programs for the students. The bottom line is that they spend so much money on trying to keep the universities and students in good standing, that they honestly can’t afford to pay the students. When the revenues are done being divided up into the different segments, they are left with a measly 4% of the pie for themselves (Schlabach). Even though Wilbon gives a ridiculous way to pay athletes through the NCAA, he also gives another solution that is much more feasible. His other proposition is actually plausible and in my mind, an honest way to earn money for a collegiate athlete. Another way that Wilbon thinks college athletes should be able to make money is through endorsing products or being sponsored by companies. In my view, this is not only achievable, but it is fair to everyone as well. By giving the opportunity to star in a commercial or whatever it may be, it gives the chance for the athlete to make money while working for it too. This way, it is reasonable because athletes can’t have a normal job due to their demanding schedule, but at the same time; they can make a little money on the side just like the conventional students at their college would. In addition to permitting athletes to endorse products, it would also save the NCAA from leading expensive investigations that try to discovery these very same acts. Point being, I’m not completely against college athletes receiving a paycheck, but it’s not attainable if you are trying to get the colleges or the NCAA to cut the checks. Both, colleges and the NCAA have mass amounts of money coming in but that doesn’t change the fact that they both run on tight budgets that have very little degree of flexibility within them. On the other hand, if a corporation or any outside company wants to pay the athlete in return for their endorsement, then so be it, it’s just like any other job a college student is doing, but glorified. College athletes are like any other person, they want to make money, so let them do it, just not at the cost of the NCAA or their respective colleges. Works Cited Bennett, Dashiell. â€Å"Only 22 Of 120 Division I Athletic Programs Made Money Last Year. † Business Insider. N. p. , 15 June 2011. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Distribution of the Money. † NCAA Champion, n. d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"National Collegiate Athletic Association. † Where Does the Money Go? N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . Schlabach, Mark. â€Å"NCAA: Where Does the Money go? † ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, n. d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . Wilbon, Michael. â€Å"College Athletes Deserve to Be paid. † ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, 18 July 2011. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . How to cite Should College Athletes Be Paid, Papers

Media Production Essay Example

Media Production Essay There are many things to consider when creating a film, music video or animation. How much will it cost? Who needs to be employed? How long will it take? These are the main questions that need to be answered before anyone even begins to create a piece of media. Personnel Producer Producers are the main individuals in television, film and video production. The initial idea for a project often comes from a producer, who will oversee each project from beginning to end and may also be involved in the funding, marketing and distribution processes. A producer or executive producer is meant to report directly to the client (the person who wants the film/music video created). Producers work closely with directors and the other production staff on the media piece. Most of the time, they need to have directing skills themselves as it is likely that the producer will also be the director and take care of all of the production operations. Producers arrange funding for each project and are responsible for keeping the production within the allocated budget. Directors Directors are responsible for the look, sound and style of a film or media piece. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Production specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Media Production specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Media Production specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Their job usually starts when they receive the script, although in some cases the director may also be the scriptwriter. It is the directors ‘artistic vision’ that will guide the work of the crew as they look for the right locations, hire the cast, design the sets, sound and lighting, and finally edit and dub the finished recording. Typical work activities include: -interpreting the script; -directing actors; -managing technical details, such as camera shots and the use of lighting; -making final decisions about location and design; talking with the producer at certain stages, for example, when editing the final cut; -managing the work of the other production staff and delegating tasks accordingly to create the final production. Scriptwriter A scriptwriter is a person who writes scripts. A script is a written version of a piece of media. Scripts are written for TV shows, movies, commercials and plays. A scriptwriter writes scripts for anything that requires one including internet show and podcasts. A scriptwriter produces content for radio, television broadcast, movies, theatre and other types of performance. As with all writers, scriptwriters conduct research on their topics in various ways: personal observation, library and Internet research and interviews. Writers then pick the research material they want to use, organize it and use the written word to express storylines and ideas or to convey information. This research is needed so the storyline can be historically accurate if needs be (such as ‘King Arthur’ or ‘The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas’). Casting director A casting director is responsible for helping to gather a number of actors or actresses for a given role to fit the script and directors vision of the performance. The casting director reads the script and meets with the producer, director and sometimes the writer, to get an idea of the type of person a given role calls for. Once this is determined, the casting director begins auditioning. They will meet with any number of individuals and begin narrowing down the field. Once a handful of hopefuls have been identified, the casting director then presents them to the director, producer or writer of the project. Casting directors meet with thousands of actors over the course of a given year. They must determine whether an actor fits the look of a character as well as whether or not that particular actor would be believable in the role they are casting. Production manager A production manager is involved with the planning, coordination and control of the set. They ensure that goods and services are produced efficiently, and make sure that the processes run as smoothly as possible. This is important as the director and producer cannot do this extra work while coaching and directing the lighting, and sound crew, as well as the actors themselves. A production manager is involved in both the pre-production (planning) stage as well as the production (control and supervision) stage. A large part of production management involves dealing with people, particularly investors and dealing with any public involvement. Art director Art directors oversee the artistic design of advertisements and print materials (such as billboards or magazines), as well as the filming of television commercials and are responsible for the quality of the finished product. The art director can choose to hire a photographer, an illustrator, models, and any props necessary for an advert. If a photo advertisement comes back from the printer with an imperfection, the art director is also responsible for retouching it. In advertising, the art director is not only responsible for the look of an advert but is also part of a creative team responsible for developing the initial concept. An art director and a copywriter (who writes the adverts) may decide on an advertising concept together. Then they determine how the ad will look and what it will say. Editors A film editor is technically a mechanic who removes the unneeded clips and fits pieces of film together to make the finished feature. He works with cinematographers and sound editors to mesh sight and sound to make the film work. Being a film editor requires hours of looking through footage and then assembling a film a half-second at a time, while working quickly to meet the filmmakers deadlines. While a skilled movie editors contribution can mean the difference between a hit and a so-so film, film editing done well is usually completely unnoticed by the audience. Here are some of the most important elements in the job of a film editor: -Read the script and meet with the director to understand his  vision of the film. -Make visits to the locations during filming to gain a sense of how the shooting is going to take place. -Go through footage, once shooting is done, and select scenes based on their dramatic and entertainment value and contribution to stories’ continuity. The editor has to look for the best combination of photography, performance, consistency and timing. Trim the segments of footage to the lengths needed for the film and assemble them into the best sequence to tell the story. -Work with sound effects editors, sound directors and musical directors on sound, score and film sequences that will be added to the film. -Insert music, dialogue and sound effects, using editing equipment. -Review the edited film, make corrections and prepare it as a first cut for the director and producer to view. The first cut may take up to thre e months to assemble. -Make revisions, as requested by the director and producers, and prepare the final cut for release to the film house for production. The final cut may take an additional month at least to finish Line producer In television and film, producers handle the business side of a project, making decisions about what projects to make, finding financing, establishing a budget and deadlines and then ensuring the project progresses as scheduled. Line production is the process of overseeing the day-to-day activities on a film or television show set, much like a foreman in a factory. Storyboard artist A storyboarder, also called a storyboard artist, is a professional visual artist who works with entertainment and advertising. They are responsible for drawing the scenes of a film or television production, to provide an example of a directors plan prior to a film being created. In addition to illustrating a directors vision, these drawings also let the director get rid of certain ideas prior to going into production, saving valuable money and time. The initial conference with the director and producer occurs so that the storyboarder may gain an understanding of the visual goals of the production. Following the meeting, they illustrate various scenes, based upon the specifications they have received. These drawings are then reviewed by the person in charge, who will either request the storyboarder redo them, create new storyboards or decide that production may begin. The storyboarder repeats this process for each scene of a shooting script. Location manager Location managers are responsible for making all the practical arrangements necessary when filming or photographic shoots take place outside the studio. Productions are made in a wide range of places and location managers need to research, identify and organise appropriate sites. As well as arranging and negotiating site use, the role usually includes managing sites throughout the shooting process. This involves working to strict budget and time limits and maintaining a high standard of health and safety and security. The demands of organising crews and dealing with a range of people make this an intense and varied role. Construction manager A construction manager or supervisor is responsible for running  the whole or part of a film site and he or she will make sure a scene is completed safely, on time and within budget. Responsibilities include making preparations before work begins, including communicating with the public, directors, producers and cost managers involved in the production. SFX crew Visual effects commonly refers to alterations of the films images, although the VFX crew works alongside the special effects department for any on-set effects that need physical representation during filming. Visual Effects Producer The visual effects producer works with the visual effects supervisor to break down the script into storyboards, and advises the director as to how they should approach the scenes. Visual Effects Creative Director VFX creative directors are very much like production designers, except they direct and supervise the creative side of the films visual effects. The position is particularly in demand for films with massive amounts of computer generated imagery and scenes. Visual Effects Supervisor The visual effects supervisor is in charge of the VFX crew, working with production and the films director to achieve the desired in-camera optical effects of the film. Visual Effects Editor The visual effects editor ‘sticks together’ visual effects into the current cuts of live action sequences, producing many versions of each shot. Altered scenes are then looked over by the visual effects supervisor and creative director for aesthetic and technical direction, and by the producers for review and final editing. Compositor A compositor is a visual effects artist responsible for compositing images from different sources such as video, film, computer generated 3-D imagery, 2-D animations, matte paintings, photographs, and text. Rotoscoper These artists may rotoscope the footage, manually creating mattes for use in compositing. They may also paint visual information into or out of a scene, such removing wires and rigs, logos, dust busting, scratch removal, etc. 3] Matte Painter These artists draw/paint entire sets or extend portions of an existing set. Camera crew Cinematographer The term cinematographer has been a point of contention for some time now. It is usually synonymous with director of photography, though some professionals insist this only applies when the director of photography and camera operator are the same person. Director of Photography The director of photography is the chief of the camera and lighting crew of the film. They make decisions on lighting and framing of scenes in conjunction with the films director. Typically, the director tells the them how they want a shot to look, and they choose the correct filter, and lighting to achieve the desired effect. Camera Operator The camera operator uses the camera at the direction of the cinematographer, director of photography, or the film director to capture the scenes on film. Generally, a cinematographer or director of photography does not operate the camera, but sometimes these jobs may be combined. Loader The loader is the designated film loader. They transfer motion picture film from the canisters to the magazines for attachment to the camera. After exposure during filming, the loader then removes the film from the magazines and places it back into the cans for transport to the laboratory so they do not get light damaged on the way. It is the responsibility of the loader to manage the inventory of the film and make sure none of it gets lost or damaged; however with the use of digital photography nowadays, this position is often eliminated. Camera Production Assistant Usually a volunteer or trainee in the camera department, the camera PA assists the crew with finer details while learning the trade of the camera assistant, operator or cinematographer. Digital Imaging Technician On digital photography productions the digital imaging technician is responsible for the coordination of the internal workings of the digital camera. Under the direction of the cinematographer or director of photography, the DIT will make adjustments the film as necessary. Motion Control Technician/Operator This technician operates a motion control rig, which is sometimes called a camera robot which is able to consistently repeat camera moves for special effects uses. Motion control rigs are typically rented with an experienced operator. Sound and lighting crew Production Sound Mixer The production sound mixer is head of the sound department on set, responsible for recording all sound during filming. This involves the choice and deployment of microphones, operation of a sound recording device, and sometimes the mixing of audio signals in real time. Boom Operator The boom operator is an assistant to the production sound mixer, responsible for microphone placement and movement during filming. The boom operator uses a boom pole, a long pole made of light aluminum or carbon fiber that allows precise positioning of the microphone above or below the actors, just out of the cameras frame. The boom operator may also place radio microphones and hidden set microphones. In France, the boom operator is called the perchman. Utility Sound Technician The utility sound technician has a dynamic role in the sound department, most typically pulling cables, but often acting as an additional boom operator or mixer when required by complex filming circumstances. Not all films employ a utility sound technician, but the increasing complexities of location sound recording in modern film have made the job more prevalent. This role is sometimes credited as cable man or python wrangler. Gaffer The gaffer is the head of the electrical department, responsible for the design and execution of the lighting plan for a production. Sometimes the gaffer is credited as Chief Lighting Technician. Best boy (Electrical) The best boy electric is the chief assistant to the gaffer. He or she is not usually on set, but dealing with the electric truck and rentals. Lighting Technician Lighting technicians are involved with setting up and controlling lighting equipment. The Runners A runner is an entry-level position and is considered the most junior role in the production department of a broadcast, film or video company. There is no single job description as runners act as general assistants and undertake whatever basic tasks are required to ensure the smooth running of the production process. Runners’ general responsibilities include tea making, transporting scripts and hire equipment, taking messages, looking after guests, and getting everything in place for shoots. This role offers the opportunity to gain vital experience and knowledge of the production process, offering valuable networking opportunities, and is often seen as the first step on the ladder for people aspiring to roles in production. Typical activities include fetching and carrying items, such as equipment, tapes, cable and scripts; transporting cast, crew and production staff between offices, studios and shoot locations; driving cars, vans or trucks between locations and around sets; helping set up a location for a shoot; keeping the set clean and tidy and handing out post and messages to colleagues within the production team. Extras Many pieces of media require the use of extras, the most common of which being ‘rent-a-crowd’ for blockbusters such as Harry Potter or Sweeney Todd. This is where you hire a specific amount of the public to attend social events, films, music videos or TV shows. People do this either to boost numbers or because it is substantially cheaper than hiring actors and actresses. Other than Rent-a-crowd, members of the public are used to provide their opinion, provide historical facts or can be interviewed. Usually the interviews are conducted to delve deeper into history, whether for a documentary on the World Wars, or a historical film about Ancient Civilisations. Directors usually find that interviewing members of the public is not only cheaper, but adds opinion and substance to an otherwise fact-based program and allows the viewer to catch a glimpse of what it was really like to be in the chosen situation. On many occasions, members of the public will not suffice, and the director must call in the experts. These are people who have dedicated their lives to one chosen subject, and can provide a better understanding. Examples are Alan Titchmarsh; the gardening expert, and David Attenborough; presenter of the most well known wildlife programs including the ‘Life of Mammals’ collection. Even though they specialise in different fields, these people are chosen because of their skill and knowledge on their chosen subject and are two of the most well known experts in the UK. Finance Before a film or music video can be produced, one must research into the financial issues that may arise, such as equipment, facilities, casting and crew wages, rights clearances and any copyright infringements that may be present. For example, if you were to re-make the film ‘Annie’ you would need to pay for the rights to each song and create your own script that is substantially different to original. This is usually the job of the producer before any of the crew is hired, and many will not accept a job if the rights have not yet been cleared. Any producer or investor wants to ensure that their money is only spent on the production; therefore any investments must be set up in a separate bank account. This allows the investor to see how much money has been spent, and from that, how much is owed back to them from the sales of the film. In addition, all documentation must be approved by the investors, the producers and the director before investment is made. This includes Script development, Casting and crew choices, credits (onscreen title and end credits), delivery date and sometimes even the certificate of the film (verified by PEGI or another regulatory body). If the investor wants something changed in the script, cast line-up or delivery date; it must be done before they make the investment. Materials Before media production starts, the materials used must be decided upon and verified. Such materials can include Archive footage (as shown in the award winning war film ‘Memphis Belle), sound library material (such as gunshots or other sound effects) or Original footage (footage taken of the actors on set or scenery). Other materials are used to create mood and atmosphere. Music can be used greatly to create a specific atmosphere, even if you can barely hear it. On the film ‘Event Horizon’ music is used to create an aura of suspense and tension. The music is so quiet you can hardly hear, however if you watch the same scene on mute, the scene has less impact, thus proving that even the tiniest detail of a scene can have a major impact. The same fact goes for visual effects. Even a slight alteration to the colouring of a film or music video can have a major impact on the impression it gives. If a film is based in the past, then suitable costume is required. This means the costume department must research into periodic costume to give the right feel to the piece of media, and confer with the props department to hire the correct era of antique furniture and other such items. This is important because if, for example, someone began to use 21st century objects (mobile phones, laptops etc) in a film like Pride and Prejudice, the story would not be considered realistic, and as a result, would not sell.